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[Motilin and motilin receptor]
Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine
|April 1, 1996
Summary
Motilin initiates digestive muscle contractions. Further research is needed to clone motilin receptors and clarify its precise action mechanism in the nervous system.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Molecular Biology
- Neuroscience
Context:
- Motilin is a polypeptide hormone regulating gastrointestinal motility.
- Interdigestive migrating contractions (IMC) are crucial for gut cleansing.
- Human motilin precursor contains signal peptide and motilin-associated peptide (MAP).
Purpose:
- To review the role of motilin in initiating phase III IMC.
- To discuss the cellular localization of motilin action.
- To highlight the need for motilin receptor cloning.
Summary:
- Motilin (22 amino acids) initiates phase III IMC in dogs and humans.
- Motilin mRNA is abundant in the duodenum.
- In vitro studies suggest direct action on gastrointestinal smooth muscle receptors, while in vivo studies indicate neuronal receptors.
Impact:
- Clarifies motilin's role in digestive physiology.
- Identifies potential targets for motility disorders.
- Emphasizes the necessity of motilin receptor cloning for mechanistic understanding.