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Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry: inter-machine variability

P A Tataranni1, D J Pettitt, E Ravussin

  • 1Clinical Diabetes and Nutrition Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA.

International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders : Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity
|November 1, 1996
PubMed
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Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) machines show minor differences in body composition measurements. Pre-testing and standardized equipment are recommended for multi-machine studies to ensure accurate results.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) is a prevalent method for assessing body composition.
  • Recent reports indicate significant variability between different DEXA machines.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate inter-machine variability in body composition measurements using DEXA.
  • To identify potential systematic differences between DEXA devices from the same manufacturer.

Main Methods:

  • Comparison of total body scans from two identical DEXA machines (DPX-L; Lunar Co).
  • Ten healthy volunteers (5 males, 5 females) participated in the study.

Main Results:

  • Statistically significant differences were found in mean body composition variables between the two DEXA machines.

Related Experiment Videos

  • One machine systematically underestimated bone mineral and overestimated fat tissue compared to the other.
  • Observed differences were small: bone mineral (+68 +/- 57 g) and percent body fat (-1.7 +/- 1%).

    • Conclusions:

    • Performance variations exist even between DEXA machines from the same manufacturer.
    • Pre-testing machines is crucial when using multiple DEXA devices in research.
    • Randomized designs are necessary for longitudinal studies, and manufacturers should prioritize equipment standardization.