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[Dengue and its vectors in Brazil]

N Dégallier1, A P da Rosa, P F Vasconcelos

  • 1Laboratoire d'épidémiologie des maladies à vecteurs, ORSTOM Centre de Montpellier BP 5045, France.

Bulletin De La Societe De Pathologie Exotique (1990)
|January 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Dengue virus (DEN) types 1, 2, and 4 have circulated in Brazil since 1982, causing major outbreaks and severe dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome (DHF/DSS). Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are the primary urban vector.

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Virology
  • Medical Entomology

Context:

  • Dengue virus (DEN) has a significant history in Brazil, with documented outbreaks dating back to the 19th century.
  • The first isolation of DEN-1 and DEN-4 viruses occurred in 1982 in Boa Vista, Roraima.
  • Subsequent epidemics involving DEN-1 and DEN-2 have affected various regions, including Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, and Northeastern states.

Purpose:

  • To provide a historical overview of dengue virus circulation and outbreaks in Brazil.
  • To document the isolation of specific dengue virus serotypes (DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-4) and their geographical spread.
  • To identify the primary urban vector and discuss potential transmission dynamics.

Summary:

  • Dengue virus serotypes DEN-1, DEN-2, and DEN-4 have been isolated in Brazil since 1982, with major epidemics recorded across the country.

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  • Epidemics of DEN-1 occurred in 1986-1987 and 1990-1991, while DEN-2 outbreaks were noted in 1990-1991 and 1994.
  • The urban mosquito Aedes aegypti is the confirmed vector, with numerous strains of DEN-4, DEN-1, and DEN-2 isolated from this species.
  • Impact:

    • The sequential infections by DEN-1 and DEN-2 in Rio de Janeiro and Ceará are strongly associated with increased cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome (DHF/DSS).
    • This historical data highlights the evolving epidemiology of dengue in Brazil and the challenges posed by multiple serotype introductions.
    • Understanding the vector dynamics and serotype circulation is crucial for public health interventions and disease control strategies in Brazil.