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The toad skin NaCl check-valve

F C Herrera1, J Arévalo, I López

  • 1Laboratorio De Ecofisiología Animal, Instituto Venezolano De Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Caracas, Venezuela.

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Physiology
|May 1, 1996
PubMed
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Toad skins conserve sodium chloride (NaCl) by allowing inward chloride flux but preventing outward flux. This chloride rectification acts as a one-way valve, preventing NaCl loss from amphibians in low-salt environments.

Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Biophysics
  • Membrane Transport

Background:

  • Amphibians in low-salt environments face challenges in maintaining internal salt balance.
  • Understanding ion transport mechanisms in amphibian skin is crucial for osmoregulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of chloride in regulating sodium chloride (NaCl) transport across toad skin.
  • To elucidate the mechanism of chloride-dependent rectification of ion flux.

Main Methods:

  • Short-circuit current measurements on isolated toad skins.
  • Flux measurements of chloride ions across the skin under varying external and internal Ringer's solutions.

Main Results:

  • Toad skins exhibited a significant inward chloride flux when exposed to chloride externally.

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  • A very low chloride outflux was observed when external solutions were chloride-free.
  • Chloride flux demonstrated a rectifying behavior, allowing inward but not outward movement.

    • Conclusions:

    • Chloride-dependent rectification of chloride flux conserves transported NaCl in amphibians.
    • This rectification mechanism acts as a molecular check-valve, preventing NaCl loss.
    • The findings highlight an important adaptation for amphibians in hypotonic environments.