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Related Experiment Videos

Periodontal disease and leucopenia

T Lonsdale1

  • 1Riverstone Veterinary Hospital, Australia.

The Journal of Small Animal Practice
|December 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Periodontal disease in pets can cause low white blood cell counts, but these levels can improve with dietary changes and dental treatment. This suggests current health reference ranges may need re-evaluation for affected animals.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Comparative Pathology
  • Animal Dentistry

Background:

  • Periodontal disease is prevalent in domestic dogs and cats, unlike in wild animals.
  • Unnatural diets contribute to oral microbial imbalances, triggering host immune responses and periodontitis.
  • Existing hematological reference ranges may not account for subclinical periodontal disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between periodontal disease and leucocyte counts in domestic animals.
  • To assess the impact of dietary changes and dental treatment on leucocyte levels.
  • To question the validity of current hematological reference ranges in the context of periodontal disease.

Main Methods:

  • Eight of fourteen animals with periodontal disease underwent dental treatment and dietary modification.
  • Leucocyte counts were measured before and after intervention.
  • Subjective health assessments were recorded concurrently.

Main Results:

  • Initial leucocyte counts were low in the investigated animals.
  • Follow-up testing showed an average increase of 77.7% in leucocyte counts.
  • The increase in leucocyte counts correlated with subjective improvements in animal health.

Conclusions:

  • Low leucocyte counts in domestic animals may be linked to periodontal disease.
  • Dietary changes and dental treatment can reverse leucocyte depression.
  • Further research is warranted to refine hematological reference ranges for animals with periodontal disease.

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