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Related Experiment Videos

Contextual modulation in primary visual cortex

K Zipser1, V A Lamme, P H Schiller

  • 1Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139, USA.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|November 15, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Researchers investigated how visual context influences V1 neurons in monkeys. They found that extra-receptive field context significantly modulates neural responses, impacting visual perception.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Visual Perception
  • Primate Neurophysiology

Background:

  • The receptive field (RF) of neurons in the primary visual cortex (V1) traditionally defines their response properties.
  • However, contextual influences from outside the classical RF are increasingly recognized as crucial for complex visual processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate extra-receptive field contextual modulation in area V1 of awake, behaving macaque monkeys.
  • To determine the spatial extent, effective cues, and temporal dynamics of this contextual modulation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized texture displays where the RF stimulus remained constant, but the surrounding extra-RF elements varied.
  • Monitored V1 neuronal activity in response to these varying contextual displays.
  • Analyzed modulation based on disparity, color, luminance, and orientation cues.

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Main Results:

  • Demonstrated robust contextual modulation in V1 neurons.
  • Identified a spatial extent of approximately 8-10 degrees in diameter for this modulation.
  • Found correlations between contextual modulation and perceptual experiences like binocular rivalry and surface occlusion.
  • Observed a latency of 80-100 msec, suggesting potential feedback mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • Extra-receptive field context significantly modulates V1 neuronal activity.
  • This modulation is influenced by multiple visual cues and has a considerable spatial extent.
  • The timing suggests feedback from extrastriate areas plays a role in contextual processing within V1.