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Biogenic amorphous silica
1California Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, Berkeley 94704, USA.
Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health
|January 1, 1995
Summary
Biogenic amorphous silica (BAS), found in plants and organisms, may pose health risks. Exposure to heated BAS or inhaled/ingested fibers can lead to adverse effects, necessitating further research.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Environmental Science
- Toxicology
Background:
- Biogenic amorphous silica (BAS) is a naturally occurring substance in living organisms, including diatoms and crop plants.
- Diatoms utilize soluble silica to form BAS, which are geological precursors to diatomaceous earth.
- Some plants contain external BAS fibers, and BAS can adsorb toxic organic compounds.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the potential adverse health effects associated with biogenic amorphous silica (BAS).
- To highlight the risks of BAS exposure, particularly concerning crystalline silica formation at high temperatures and fiber inhalation/ingestion.
Main Methods:
- Literature review on BAS occurrence and properties.
- Analysis of potential exposure routes (ingestion, inhalation) and associated health risks.
- Examination of BAS transformation into crystalline silica at elevated temperatures.
Main Results:
- BAS can transform into crystalline silica (a known toxicant) above 800°C.
- Ingestion of BAS fibers from crops may cause irritative effects.
- Inhaled airborne BAS fibers, such as from burning rice, pose respiratory risks.
- BAS can adsorb and transport toxic organic compounds into the lungs.
Conclusions:
- Exposure to BAS, especially under specific conditions like high temperatures or as airborne fibers, presents potential health hazards.
- Further research is recommended to fully understand and mitigate the health risks associated with BAS exposure.