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Exercise, immunity, and infection

L H Calabrese1, D C Nieman

  • 1Department of Rheumatic and Immunologic Disease, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Ohio 44195, USA.

The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association
|March 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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Heavy exercise may increase upper respiratory infections, while moderate exercise might offer protection. Research on exercise

Area of Science:

  • Exercise physiology and immunology.
  • Infectious disease research.

Background:

  • The relationship between exercise intensity and susceptibility to illness is complex.
  • Previous studies suggest potential links between strenuous physical activity and increased infection risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the scientific literature on the effects of exercise on the immune system and susceptibility to infections.
  • To differentiate the impacts of moderate versus exhaustive exercise on respiratory tract illnesses and chronic viral infections.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing scientific studies.
  • Analysis of data concerning exercise intensity, immune function, and infection rates.

Main Results:

  • Heavy or exhaustive exercise may predispose individuals to upper respiratory tract infections.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Moderate exercise shows potential protective effects against respiratory infections.
  • No convincing evidence indicates moderate exercise negatively impacts common infections or chronic viral illnesses like HIV.

    • Conclusions:

    • Exhaustive exercise can be a predisposing factor for respiratory infections and may affect chronic disease courses.
    • Moderate exercise training may enhance resistance to respiratory infections, though data are limited.
    • Current data on exercise-induced immune modulation (enhancement or suppression) are inconclusive.