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Creatine supplementation does not improve sprint performance in competitive swimmers

I Mujika1, J C Chatard, L Lacoste

  • 1Laboratoire de Physiologie-GIP Exercice, Faculté de Médecine, Université Jean Monnet, Saint-Etienne, France.

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
|November 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Creatine supplementation did not improve sprint swimming performance in highly trained athletes. However, it may reduce adenine nucleotide degradation during intense exercise after five days of ingestion.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Creatine is a popular supplement for enhancing athletic performance.
  • Its effects on highly trained swimmers' sprint performance and energy metabolism require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the impact of creatine supplementation on sprint swimming performance.
  • To assess changes in energy metabolism markers, specifically blood ammonia and lactate, following creatine ingestion in swimmers.

Main Methods:

  • A double-blind, placebo-controlled study involving 20 highly trained swimmers.
  • Subjects received either creatine monohydrate (5g, 4 times/day for 5 days) or a placebo.
  • Performance was measured for 25m, 50m, and 100m sprints, with blood ammonia and lactate analyzed post-exercise.

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Main Results:

  • No significant differences in sprint swimming performance times were observed between the creatine and placebo groups.
  • Post-exercise blood ammonia levels decreased in the creatine group for 50m and 100m swims, and in the placebo group for 50m swims.
  • Blood lactate levels were not significantly affected by creatine supplementation.

Conclusions:

  • Creatine supplementation does not appear to be an ergogenic aid for sprint swimming performance in highly trained individuals.
  • Five days of creatine ingestion may reduce adenine nucleotide degradation during high-intensity sprint exercise.