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The gap effect for eye and hand movements

H Bekkering1, J Pratt, R A Abrams

  • 1University of Limburg, Maastricht, Netherlands.

Perception & Psychophysics
|May 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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The saccadic (eye movement) gap effect, a faster response when a visual cue disappears before the target appears, also speeds up aimed hand movements. This suggests the gap effect specifically facilitates spatially oriented responses.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Human Motor Control

Background:

  • A temporal gap between fixation point offset and stimulus onset typically reduces saccadic latencies.
  • Previous research has not isolated this gap effect from general warning effects in other response types.
  • The precise mechanisms and scope of the gap effect beyond saccades remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether the gap effect influences non-saccadic motor responses.
  • To determine if the spatial requirements of a task modulate the gap effect.
  • To clarify the role of spatial orientation in the gap effect.

Main Methods:

  • Three experiments were conducted using variations of reaction time tasks.
  • Experiment 1: Measured hand movement latencies with and without accompanying saccades, with a temporal gap.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Experiments 2 & 3: Assessed manual keypress responses (choice and simple) under similar gap conditions.

    • Main Results:

    • A robust gap effect was observed for aimed hand movements, irrespective of concurrent saccades.
    • A smaller gap effect was found for choice manual keypress responses, which involve directional determination.
    • No significant gap effect was detected for simple manual keypress responses, lacking spatial determination.

    Conclusions:

    • The gap effect is not limited to saccadic eye movements but extends to aimed motor actions.
    • The magnitude of the gap effect is dependent on the degree of spatial processing required by the task.
    • Findings support the interpretation that the gap effect facilitates responses involving spatial orientation.