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Related Experiment Videos

Recurrent hyperthyroidism in consecutive pregnancies characterized by hyperemesis

S Nader1, J Mastrobattista

  • 1Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Texas Medical School at Houston 77030, USA.

Thyroid : Official Journal of the American Thyroid Association
|October 1, 1996
PubMed
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Recurrent hyperemesis gravidarum in three pregnancies was linked to transient hyperthyroidism, suggesting a role for human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). This hCG-mediated hyperthyroidism resolved spontaneously in the second trimester of each pregnancy.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine

Background:

  • Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is a severe form of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy.
  • Thyroid dysfunction, including hyperthyroidism, can occur during pregnancy.
  • Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a key hormone in pregnancy and shares structural similarities with thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).

Observation:

  • A 34-year-old woman experienced recurrent hyperemesis and abnormal thyroid function tests indicative of hyperthyroidism in three consecutive singleton pregnancies.
  • These symptoms consistently resolved during the second trimester of each pregnancy.
  • Transient hyperthyroidism was documented in two of the three pregnancies.

Findings:

  • The recurrent pattern of hyperemesis and transient hyperthyroidism across multiple pregnancies suggests a common underlying mechanism.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)-mediated hyperthyroidism is a likely cause, given the hormone's thyrotropic properties.
  • Potential mechanisms include trophoblasts synthesizing high-grade thyrotropic hCG or maternal modification of hCG to enhance thyrotropic activity.

    • Implications:

    • This case highlights the potential for hCG to cause significant maternal thyroid dysfunction.
    • Understanding hCG's role in hyperthyroidism can improve diagnosis and management of HG.
    • Further research into hCG variants and their thyrotropic activity is warranted.