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Fever of unknown origin: a prospective study

R Handa1, S Singh, N Singh

  • 1Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Tropical Doctor
|October 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Infections, particularly tuberculosis, are the most frequent cause of fever of unknown origin (FUO) in northern India. Many FUO cases remain undiagnosed despite extensive investigations, highlighting the need for updated diagnostic approaches.

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Area of Science:

  • Internal Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Fever of unknown origin (FUO) presents a diagnostic challenge globally.
  • Understanding regional etiological patterns is crucial for effective clinical management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the etiological spectrum of FUO in a large teaching hospital in northern India.
  • To determine the frequency of infections, collagen vascular diseases, and neoplasms as causes of FUO.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study of 121 patients with FUO over two years.
  • Inclusion of clinical evaluation, laboratory tests, and invasive investigations where necessary.

Main Results:

  • Infections were the leading cause of FUO (43.8%), with tuberculosis being the most common specific infection.

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  • Collagen vascular diseases and tumors accounted for 15.7% and 8.3% of cases, respectively.
  • A significant proportion (19%) of cases remained undiagnosed even after thorough investigations.

    • Conclusions:

    • Infections, especially tuberculosis, are the predominant cause of FUO in this North Indian population.
    • A considerable percentage of FUO cases are challenging to diagnose, necessitating continued research into diagnostic strategies.
    • Awareness of current FUO patterns aids in identifying treatable conditions promptly.