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Related Experiment Videos

Aluminum phosphide ingestion--a clinico-pathologic study

S Singh1, D Singh, N Wig

  • 1Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.

Journal of Toxicology. Clinical Toxicology
|January 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Aluminum phosphide ingestion is highly toxic, with a fatal dose as low as 1.5 grams. Severe hypotension, refractory to dopamine, is the primary clinical indicator of a poor outcome in aluminum phosphide poisoning.

Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Clinical Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Aluminum phosphide is a widely used grain fumigant in India, available in tablet form.
  • Ingestion of aluminum phosphide leads to acute toxicity and high mortality rates.
  • This study aimed to identify predictors of outcome following aluminum phosphide ingestion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine factors predicting mortality in aluminum phosphide poisoning.
  • To analyze the clinical presentation and autopsy findings in relation to ingestion dose and outcome.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study of 195 patients admitted with aluminum phosphide ingestion over five years.
  • Data collected included demographics, time to hospital arrival, dose ingested, symptoms, and clinical course.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Autopsies were performed on deceased patients to correlate findings with clinical severity.

    • Main Results:

    • 115 out of 195 patients died, with mortality linked to the ingested dose, not time to hospital arrival.
    • Nonsurvivors exhibited severe hypotension and metabolic acidosis, while survivors had more pronounced vomiting.
    • Autopsies revealed visceral congestion, particularly in the liver, spleen, kidneys, adrenals, and brain, correlating with hypotension severity.

    Conclusions:

    • Aluminum phosphide is highly toxic, with a potentially fatal dose as low as 1.5 grams.
    • Severe hypotension, often refractory to dopamine treatment, is the hallmark clinical feature.
    • Visceral congestion is a significant post-mortem finding in fatal cases.