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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 20, 2026

One-step Protocol for Evaluation of the Mode of Radiation-induced Clonogenic Cell Death by Fluorescence Microscopy

One-step Protocol for Evaluation of the Mode of Radiation-induced Clonogenic Cell Death by Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: October 23, 2017

Post-irradiation somatic mutation and clonal stabilisation time in the human colon

F Campbell¹, G T Williams, M A Appleton

¹Department of Pathology, University of Wales, College of Medicine, Cardiff.

|October 1, 1996

Summary

The human colon

Area of Science:

Gastroenterology
Cell Biology
Cancer Research

Background:

Colorectal crypts function as clonal units where somatic mutations in stem cells induce phenotypic changes.
Studies in mice indicate clonal stabilization times of 4 weeks (colon) and 21 weeks (ileum), influenced by stem cell organization and crypt kinetics.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the clonal stabilization time within the human colorectum.

Main Methods:

Utilized mPAS histochemistry to visualize and quantify crypts exhibiting loss of O-acetylation due to stem cell mutation.
Analyzed 21 cases undergoing colectomy, with colectomy occurring up to 34 years post-radiotherapy.

Main Results:

Radiotherapy significantly increased discordant crypt frequency, persisting for years.

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The proportion of partially involved discordant crypts decreased to normal levels approximately 12 months post-irradiation.

Conclusions:

Wholly involved mutant crypts are stable, while partially involved crypts are transient, indicating a clonal stabilization time of about one year in the human colon.
Differences in stem cell niche size, cell cycle, and crypt fission likely explain the longer stabilization time in humans compared to mice.
Findings have implications for colorectal gene therapy and understanding carcinogenesis in stem cell systems.