Temperature regulation of the streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A-encoding gene (speA)

The gene encoding the bacterial superantigen streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A is often found in streptococcal strains associated with the recently described streptococcal toxic shock syndrome. Here we demonstrate that this gene is expressed at approximate fourfold higher levels in cells grown at 37 degrees C when compared to cells grown at 26 degrees C. This suggests there is increased production of this toxin when Streptococcus pyogenes is found in infections of the soft tissues and bloodstream, as opposed to S. pyogenes that have not breached the epithelial layers and are living on the surface of the skin.