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Related Experiment Videos

The controls of fat intake

D Greenberg1, G P Smith

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Cornell University Medical College, White Plains, New York 10605, USA.

Psychosomatic Medicine
|November 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Obese rats show increased preference for fats due to heightened orosensory feedback, not reduced postingestive feedback. Understanding these fat intake controls is crucial for obesity research.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Physiology
  • Obesity Research

Background:

  • Fat intake is regulated by complex interactions between sensory and internal feedback mechanisms.
  • Rodent models, particularly the Zucker rat, offer insights into the genetic and physiological underpinnings of obesity and feeding behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interplay of orosensory (taste/smell) and postingestive (satiety) feedback in controlling fatty meal size.
  • To examine these mechanisms in both lean and genetically obese rodent models.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized sham feeding in Sprague-Dawley and Zucker rats to isolate orosensory effects.
  • Administered intestinal fat infusions to assess postingestive satiety signals.
  • Compared fat preference and intake behaviors between lean and obese Zucker rats.

Main Results:

  • Orosensory fat stimuli strongly drive feeding, independent of post-ingestive consequences.
  • Fat satiety signals act pre-absorptively and involve cholecystokinin and vagal afferent fibers.
  • Obese Zucker rats exhibit significantly enhanced orosensory positive feedback to fats compared to lean rats.

Conclusions:

  • Both orosensory and postingestive factors regulate fat intake in rodents.
  • Enhanced orosensory fat preference in obese Zucker rats mirrors human preferences for high-fat foods.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate disordered fat intake controls in obesity.

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