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Related Experiment Videos

Multiple changes in thyroid function in patients with chronic active HCV hepatitis treated with recombinant

E Roti1, R Minelli, T Giuberti

  • 1Centro per lo Studio, Prevenzione, Diagnosi e Cura delle Tireopatie, Universita degli Studi di Parma, Italy.

The American Journal of Medicine
|November 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

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Recombinant interferon-alpha (r-IFN-alpha) therapy for hepatitis C can cause thyroid dysfunction, including thyrotoxicosis and hypothyroidism. Some patients develop thyroid issues even without pre-existing autoimmune thyroid disease.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Hepatology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Recombinant human interferon-alpha (r-IFN-alpha) is a standard treatment for chronic viral hepatitis B and C.
  • Thyroid dysfunction is a known potential side effect of r-IFN-alpha therapy, particularly in individuals with autoimmune thyroid conditions.
  • The precise mechanisms and frequency of thyroid dysfunction during r-IFN-alpha treatment require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prospectively evaluate the impact of r-IFN-alpha on thyroid function in patients with chronic hepatitis C.
  • To identify specific thyroid function abnormalities and their correlation with r-IFN-alpha therapy.
  • To assess the role of pre-existing thyroid autoimmunity in the development of thyroid dysfunction.

Main Methods:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Prospective study of 32 patients with chronic active hepatitis C before and during r-IFN-alpha therapy.
  • Monitoring of serum TSH, FT4, FT3, thyroid receptor (TSR) antibodies, and thyroid peroxidase (TPO) antibodies.
  • Utilized the iodide-perchlorate discharge test (I-C10(4)) to assess iodide organification defects and radioactive iodine uptakes (RAIU) in thyrotoxic patients.

    • Main Results:

    • Four patients developed thyrotoxicosis (3 due to destructive thyroiditis, 1 hyperthyroidism), and one developed hypothyroidism.
    • The I-C10(4) test was positive in 7 patients, indicating impaired iodide organification; 5 remained euthyroid and normalized after treatment cessation.
    • Thyroid dysfunction occurred in some patients without baseline positive TPO antibodies, suggesting non-autoimmune mechanisms.

    Conclusions:

    • Thyroid dysfunction, particularly destructive thyroiditis leading to thyrotoxicosis, is a notable complication of r-IFN-alpha therapy for chronic hepatitis C.
    • While autoimmune thyroid disease is a risk factor, r-IFN-alpha can induce thyroid dysfunction even in its absence.
    • Evidence suggests r-IFN-alpha may directly impair intrathyroidal iodine organification.