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[Left atrial contractility function in hypertension]

S Qirko1, M Tase, V Lushnjari

  • 1Service de cardiologie, centre hospitalier et universitaire, Tirana, Albanie.

Archives Des Maladies Du Coeur Et Des Vaisseaux
|August 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Hypertensive individuals with left ventricular hypertrophy show increased left atrial contractility, likely due to reduced left ventricular chamber distensibility. This highlights the impact of hypertension on atrial function.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Echocardiography
  • Cardiac Physiology

Background:

  • Hypertension is a leading cause of cardiovascular disease.
  • Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a common complication of hypertension.
  • Left atrial function plays a crucial role in overall cardiac performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess left systolic atrial function (LSAF) in hypertensive subjects (HS) with LVH.
  • To compare LSAF parameters between HS with LVH and normal subjects (NS).
  • To investigate correlations between LSAF parameters and left ventricular mass index (LVMI).

Main Methods:

  • Echocardiographic assessment of left atrial volume (LAV) and derived parameters.
  • Calculation of left atrial stroke volume (LASV), LA ejection fraction (LAEF), atrial ejection force (AEF), and atrial transport (AT).

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  • Matching of HS and NS for age, body surface area, heart rate, and LV fractional shortening.

    • Main Results:

    • All evaluated atrial function parameters were significantly increased in HS with LVH compared to NS.
    • LASV showed a significant correlation with LAV (r = 0.84; p < 0.001) and LVMI (r = 0.32; p < 0.05).
    • LAEF was correlated with peak A wave velocity (r = 0.90; p < 0.001) and LVMI (r = 0.34; p < 0.05).

    Conclusions:

    • Hypertensive subjects with LVH exhibit increased left atrial contractility compared to normal subjects.
    • The enhanced atrial contractility is likely driven by increased left atrial volume, consistent with Frank-Starling's law.
    • Reduced left ventricular chamber distensibility, secondary to LVH, may contribute to the observed changes in atrial function.