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Related Experiment Videos

Multiple forms and locations for the peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor

M J Woods1, D C Williams

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.

Biochemical Pharmacology
|December 24, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Peripheral-type benzodiazepine binding sites (PBBS) are found in mitochondria and on the plasma membrane. Their dual localization suggests diverse roles in cellular functions, including steroidogenesis and immunomodulation.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Benzodiazepines exert effects via neuronal gamma-aminobutyric acidA (GABAA) receptors.
  • A distinct class, peripheral-type benzodiazepine binding sites (PBBS), exists in peripheral tissues, blood, and glial cells, with unclear functions.
  • PBBS are localized to the mitochondrial outer membrane, but evidence suggests plasma membrane presence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence for dual localization of PBBS (mitochondrial and plasma membrane).
  • To discuss the implications of these locations for PBBS functions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing scientific literature and evidence.
  • Analysis of studies localizing PBBS in various mammalian tissues and cell types.

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Main Results:

  • PBBS are confirmed on the mitochondrial outer membrane and increasingly on the plasma membrane.
  • Distinct cell subpopulations in rat liver contain separate mitochondrial and plasma membrane PBBS fractions.
  • Plasma membrane PBBS have been identified in heart, liver, adrenal, testis, and hemopoietic cells.

Conclusions:

  • The dual localization of PBBS on mitochondria and plasma membranes has significant implications for their roles.
  • Potential functions include steroidogenesis, mitochondrial respiration, heme metabolism, calcium channel modulation, cell growth, and immunomodulation.
  • Further research into the structure, molecular biology, and specific roles of both PBBS forms is warranted.