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Cutaneous leishmaniasis in two horses

J A Ramos-Vara1, B Ortiz-Santiago, J Segalès

  • 1Animal Health Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824, USA.

Veterinary Pathology
|November 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Equine cutaneous leishmaniasis, a parasitic skin disease, was identified in North America and Puerto Rico. Early diagnosis is crucial for managing nodular skin lesions in horses.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Dermatology
  • Parasitology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Equine leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by Leishmania protozoa.
  • Cutaneous leishmaniasis presents with nodular, crusty, or ulcerated skin lesions.

Observation:

  • Two horses in North America and Puerto Rico presented with nodular skin lesions on the pinna and neck.
  • Histopathology revealed lymphohistiocytic and pyogranulomatous dermal infiltrates with tuberculoid granulomas.

Findings:

  • Numerous Leishmania organisms were identified within macrophages in both cases.
  • Immunohistochemistry showed a specific reaction to Leishmania antiserum.
  • Electron microscopy confirmed the presence of Leishmania amastigotes.

Implications:

  • This is the first documented report of equine cutaneous leishmaniasis in North America and Puerto Rico.
  • Leishmaniasis should be included in the differential diagnosis for horses with nodular skin diseases.
  • Highlights the emergence of leishmaniasis in new geographic regions affecting equine populations.

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