[A study of 36 cases of mitral valve prolapse by isotopic ventricular tomography]

Left and right ventricular wall motion was studied in mitral valve prolapse with or without ventricular arrhythmias. Regional and global ventricular wall motion was evaluated by isotopic methods, based in ejection fraction and Fourier phase analysis representing the progression of wall contraction. The synchronisation of the ventricles was characterized by the difference of the mean phase of each ventricle. The heterogeneity of contraction of each ventricle was defined by the dispersion around the mean (standard deviations of the phases). Fifteen of the 36 patients had complex ventricular arrhythmias (Lown grade > or = III). 12 had LVP and 16 had mitral regurgitation. In mitral valve prolapse, the RV EF was decreased compared with normal controls (30 +/- 9% vs 40 +/- 10% ; p < 0.001), especially in patients with mitral regurgitation (26 +/- 7% vs 30 +/- 10%; p = NS) and complex ventricular arrhythmias (26 +/- 7% vs 32 +/- 10%; p < 0.01). The SDP of the LV was greater than those of controls (18 +/- 11 degrees vs 11 +/- 5 degrees ; p = NS) whereas the SDP of the RV was greater (27 +/- 17 degrees vs 12 +/- 5 degrees ; p < 0.05) especially in those with complex ventricular arrhythmias (36 +/- 21 degrees vs 21 +/- 10 degrees : p < 0.01). The SDP of LV and RV were greater in patients with mitral regurgitation: 20 +/- 11 degrees versus 17 +/- 10 degrees (NS) and 35 +/- 21 degrees versus 20 +/- 8 degrees (p < 0.01). Heterogenous ventricular contraction, more marked in the right ventricle in mitral valve prolapse suggests severe myocardial disruption in this valvular disease, reflected by the high incidence of LVP and complex ventricular arrhythmias.