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Drowning in Alaskan waters

J M Lincoln1, R Perkins, F Melton

  • 1Division of Safety Research, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Anchorage AK, USA. jxw7@niosr2.em.cdc.gov

Public Health Reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)
|November 1, 1996
PubMed
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Drowning is a significant public health issue in Alaska, with rates nearly ten times higher than the U.S. average. Young males, Alaska Natives, and commercial fishermen face the highest risks, requiring targeted intervention efforts.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Injury Prevention

Background:

  • Drowning poses a major public health concern in Alaska.
  • Alaska experiences significantly higher drowning rates compared to the rest of the United States.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the number of drowning fatalities in Alaska.
  • To identify specific risk factors and high-risk populations for drowning.
  • To inform targeted intervention strategies for drowning prevention.

Main Methods:

  • Data were collected from death certificates, state trooper reports, and medical examiner records.
  • Analysis involved abstracting information and calculating incidence rates.
  • 1990 census data were used as the denominator for rate calculations.

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Main Results:

  • A total of 542 drowning fatalities occurred in Alaska between 1988 and 1992.
  • The 20-29 age group exhibited the highest frequency and rate of drownings.
  • Incidence rates were notably elevated among adolescent and young adult males, Alaska Natives, and rural residents, with Alaska Native males aged 30-39 showing the highest rates (159 per 100,000).
  • The state's overall drowning incidence rate was 20 per 100,000 annually, nearly 10 times the U.S. rate.

Conclusions:

  • Drowning is a critical public health issue in Alaska.
  • Commercial fishermen and young Alaska Native males are identified as high-risk groups.
  • Intervention efforts should prioritize these specific populations to reduce drowning fatalities.