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Acute renal failure following immunoglobulin therapy
N Ahsan1, L A Wiegand, C S Abendroth
1Division of Nephrology/Hypertension, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pa 17033, USA.
American Journal of Nephrology
|January 1, 1996
Summary
Intravenous IgG infusions containing sucrose can cause acute renal failure. Prompt removal of sucrose via dialysis can help restore kidney function.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Immunology
Background:
- Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy is widely used but can rarely lead to acute kidney injury.
- Previous reports suggest sucrose-containing IVIG products are implicated in renal damage.
Observation:
- A patient developed acute anuric renal failure after receiving a large infusion of IVIG containing sucrose.
- Urine cytology revealed characteristic osmotic nephrosis of renal tubular epithelial cells.
Findings:
- The patient's renal failure was directly linked to the sucrose excipient in the IVIG product.
- Sucrose-induced osmotic nephrosis is a recognized cause of acute kidney injury.
Implications:
- Clinicians should be aware of the potential nephrotoxicity of sucrose-containing IVIG products.
- Early recognition and intervention, such as dialysis, can facilitate recovery of renal function in sucrose-induced osmotic nephrosis.