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Artificial heart driven by an automatic driving system

F Unger, M Deutsch, F Eckersberger

    Medical Instrumentation
    |July 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
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    The ellipsoid heart design minimizes thrombi formation by preventing blood stagnation and turbulence. Operating at maximum stroke volume ensures optimal washout, with cardiac output adjusted by heart rate per Starling's law.

    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Cardiovascular Devices
    • Hemodynamics

    Background:

    • Thrombus formation in artificial ventricles is a major complication.
    • Biomaterials, blood stagnation, and turbulence contribute to thrombus formation.
    • Stagnation areas can increase during cardiac cycles, even in well-designed hearts.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the design of an ellipsoid heart that mitigates thrombus formation.
    • To evaluate the role of blood washout in preventing complications.
    • To demonstrate a method for regulating cardiac output in artificial hearts.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized an ellipsoid artificial heart design.
    • Analyzed blood flow dynamics to identify and avoid stagnation areas and turbulence.

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  • Simulated operation at a constant maximum stroke volume.
  • Modeled cardiac output regulation based on Starling's law and venous return.

    • Main Results:

    • The ellipsoid heart design effectively avoids stagnation areas and major turbulence.
    • Adequate blood washout of internal surfaces was achieved with maximum stroke volume.
    • Cardiac output regulation via heart rate adjustment was demonstrated.

    Conclusions:

    • The ellipsoid artificial heart design offers a promising approach to reduce thrombus formation.
    • Optimizing blood flow dynamics and washout is crucial for artificial heart performance.
    • The proposed regulation method aligns with physiological principles for effective cardiac output control.