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Granulomatous hypophysitis associated with Takayasu's disease

M Tóth1, P Szabó, K Rácz

  • 12nd Department of Medicine, Semmelweis University Medical School, Budapest, Hungary.

Clinical Endocrinology
|October 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Takayasu's disease can manifest as granulomatous hypophysitis, a rare pituitary inflammation. This case highlights the importance of considering Takayasu's disease in diagnosing pituitary masses with unusual inflammatory presentations.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Vascular Medicine
  • Neuropathology

Background:

  • Takayasu's arteritis is a large vessel vasculitis affecting the aorta and its branches.
  • Pituitary involvement in Takayasu's arteritis is uncommon, often presenting insidiously.
  • Granulomatous hypophysitis is an inflammatory condition of the pituitary gland, often idiopathic.

Observation:

  • A patient presented with fever, anemia, elevated ESR, anterior pituitary failure, and diabetes insipidus.
  • Imaging revealed a pituitary mass with suprasellar extension, mimicking a pituitary adenoma.
  • Histological examination confirmed granulomatous hypophysitis.

Findings:

  • The diagnosis of Takayasu's disease was established following the development of multiple arterial occlusive disease.

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  • This case demonstrates a rare presentation of Takayasu's arteritis involving the pituitary gland.
  • Granulomatous hypophysitis was the initial manifestation, preceding overt signs of vasculitis.

    • Implications:

    • Takayasu's disease should be included in the differential diagnosis for granulomatous hypophysitis of unknown origin.
    • Early recognition of pituitary involvement in Takayasu's arteritis may improve patient outcomes.
    • This case underscores the diverse clinical manifestations of large vessel vasculitis.