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Related Experiment Videos

Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: effectiveness and autonomic correlates

D L Wilson1, S M Silver, W G Covi

  • 1Redding Psychotherapy Group, Calif., USA.

Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry
|September 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) effectively reduced distress from traumatic memories. EMDR demonstrated significant physiological relaxation responses, unlike control conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Trauma Studies

Background:

  • Traumatic memories can cause significant distress and psychological symptoms.
  • Existing therapies aim to alleviate trauma-related symptoms, but mechanisms require further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) in reducing distress from traumatic memories.
  • To compare EMDR's effects with control conditions (Time Interval Condition and Tapping Alternate Phalanges).
  • To examine physiological changes associated with EMDR treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Eighteen subjects with distress from traumatic memories were randomly assigned to EMDR, TIC, or TAP.
  • Subjective Units of Distress Scale (SUDs) and physiological measures (respiration, heart rate, blood pressure, skin temperature, galvanic skin response) were monitored.

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Main Results:

  • EMDR group subjects showed desensitization (SUDs) correlating with physiological changes and symptom cessation.
  • Significant autonomic changes observed during EMDR included synchronized respiration, slowed heart rate, fluctuating blood pressure, increased skin temperature, and decreased galvanic skin response.
  • Control groups showed minimal desensitization compared to EMDR.

Conclusions:

  • EMDR is an effective treatment for reducing distress associated with traumatic memories.
  • EMDR induces a distinct "relaxation response" through physiological changes.
  • Reciprocal inhibition, pairing distress with relaxation, is a potential mechanism underlying EMDR's effectiveness.