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Related Experiment Videos

Dental bacteremia in children

G J Roberts1, H S Holzel, M R Sury

  • 1Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Guy's Hospital, London, UK.

Pediatric Cardiology
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Many pediatric dental procedures, including polishing and injections, can cause bacteremia (bacteria in the bloodstream). This highlights the need to reconsider antibiotic prophylaxis guidelines for various dental interventions.

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Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Bacteremia following dental extraction is a known risk factor for bacterial endocarditis.
  • Prophylactic antibiotics are recommended for tooth extractions due to bacteremia risk.
  • The potential for bacteremia from other routine dental procedures is less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the incidence of bacteremia from various common dental procedures in pediatric patients.
  • To identify specific pediatric dental procedures that frequently lead to transient bacteremia.
  • To compare bacteremia rates across different conservative dental interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Blood cultures were collected 30 seconds post-procedure from 735 anesthetized children (aged 2-16 years).

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  • Thirteen different dental operative procedures were analyzed for their potential to induce bacteremia.
  • Bacteremia incidence was compared to a baseline rate and between different procedures.

    • Main Results:

    • Several procedures, including tooth polishing (24.5%), rubber dam placement (29.4%), and matrix band/wedge placement (32.1%), significantly increased bacteremia rates.
    • Intraligamental injection resulted in a very high bacteremia incidence (96.6%).
    • Toothbrushing alone also caused bacteremia in 38.5% of cases, and viridans streptococci were common isolates.

    Conclusions:

    • A broader range of pediatric dental procedures than previously recognized can cause bacteremia.
    • The findings suggest current antibiotic prophylaxis recommendations for dental procedures may need revision.
    • Further research is warranted to assess the clinical significance and management of bacteremia from these diverse dental interventions.