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Development of the human fetal testis

B L Waters1, T D Trainer

  • 1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington 05405, USA.

Pediatric Pathology & Laboratory Medicine : Journal of the Society for Pediatric Pathology, Affiliated with the International Paediatric Pathology Association
|January 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

This study details fetal testis development in 68 fetuses. Key findings include progressive thickening of the tunica albuginea and changes in tubular coiling and Leydig cell populations during gestation.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Histology

Background:

  • The fetal testis undergoes significant morphological and cellular changes during gestation.
  • Understanding these developmental processes is crucial for reproductive health and diagnosing congenital anomalies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a detailed histological description of the developing human fetal testis.
  • To establish a timeline of key histological events from 10 to 41 weeks of gestation.

Main Methods:

  • Histological examination of 68 human fetal testes.
  • Analysis of structural changes including tunica albuginea, septa, and tubules.
  • Quantification and assessment of germ cells, Sertoli cells, and Leydig cells.

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Main Results:

  • Tunica albuginea thickness increases, developing two layers between 29-32 weeks.
  • Tubules become maximally coiled by 30 weeks; diameter is constant after 16 weeks.
  • Leydig cells peak in number between 17-19 weeks and decline, with lipochrome pigment accumulating in late gestation.

Conclusions:

  • The fetal testis exhibits distinct histological developmental stages throughout gestation.
  • These findings provide a normative reference for fetal testicular development.
  • Accumulation of lipochrome pigment may indicate Leydig cell degeneration in late fetal life.