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Related Experiment Videos

Two-site immunoradiometric assay (IRMA): detection, efficiency, and procedural modifications

N Nanda1, H Joshi, S K Subbarao

  • 1Malaria Research Centre, Delhi, India.

Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association
|June 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Circumsporozoite (CS) antigen from Plasmodium vivax is detectable in mature oocysts and sporozoites using a 2-site immunoradiometric assay (IRMA). This method also works for identifying Plasmodium species in mosquitoes on filter paper or membranes.

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Area of Science:

  • Malariology
  • Immunology
  • Entomology

Background:

  • The circumsporozoite (CS) antigen is a key target for malaria parasite detection.
  • Understanding the timing of CS antigen expression during the Plasmodium vivax sporogonic cycle is crucial for vector surveillance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine when CS antigen becomes detectable in the Plasmodium vivax sporogonic cycle within Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes.
  • To evaluate the utility of a 2-site immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) for detecting CS antigen in mosquito samples, including those prepared on filter paper (FP) and cellulose acetate membrane (CAM).

Main Methods:

  • Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes were fed on blood infected with Plasmodium vivax.
  • A 2-site immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) was employed to detect CS antigen at different stages of the sporogonic cycle.

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  • Mosquitoes were processed by dissection and by squashing on FP and CAM for antigen detection.

    • Main Results:

    • CS antigen was detectable only in mature oocysts, one day before sporozoite release, and in salivary gland sporozoites.
    • The IRMA successfully detected CS antigen in dissected sporozoites adsorbed onto FP and CAM.

    Conclusions:

    • CS antigen detection is specific to later stages of the Plasmodium vivax sporogonic cycle.
    • IRMA is a viable method for detecting CS antigen in Anopheles mosquitoes, offering potential for Plasmodium species identification using preserved samples on FP/CAM.