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Synchronized chaos in local cortical circuits

D Hansel1

  • 1Centre de Physique Théorique, UPR014-CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France.

International Journal of Neural Systems
|September 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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Synchronized chaos in local cortical networks explains irregular neural firing observed in vivo. This model, using Hodgkin-Huxley dynamics, demonstrates how network connectivity generates correlated, variable neural activity essential for brain function.

Area of Science:

  • Computational Neuroscience
  • Systems Neuroscience
  • Neural Dynamics

Background:

  • Cortical neurons in slices exhibit regular firing patterns.
  • In vivo, cortical neuron responses to stimuli are irregular and temporally variable.
  • Neuronal activity in the cortex shows synchronized temporal fluctuations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the hypothesis that synchronized chaos in local cortical networks generates irregular neural activity observed in vivo.
  • To model a hypercolumn in the visual cortex to understand network dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • A computational model of a visual cortex hypercolumn with excitatory and inhibitory neuron populations was developed.
  • The model utilized Hodgkin-Huxley type dynamics with various cellular and synaptic conductances.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Network connectivity mirrored the organization of orientation columns within hypercolumns.

    • Main Results:

    • Simulations revealed a synchronous chaotic state within an appropriate parameter range.
    • This state is characterized by highly variable neural activity, synchronized across the hypercolumn.
    • Strong inhibitory feedback was crucial for stabilizing this synchronous chaotic state.

    Conclusions:

    • Synchronized chaos generated by deterministic network dynamics can explain the irregular and synchronized firing patterns of cortical neurons in vivo.
    • The model provides a framework for understanding how local network structure and dynamics contribute to emergent neural activity.
    • Inhibitory feedback plays a critical role in maintaining this complex neural state.