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Chlamydiae as pathogens: new species and new issues

R W Peeling1, R C Brunham

  • 1Laboratory Centre for Disease Control Health, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. rosanna_peeling@isdtcp3.hwc.ca

Emerging Infectious Diseases
|October 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Genital chlamydial infections pose significant public health challenges. New therapies and sensitive diagnostic tests are expected to reduce disease prevalence in the coming decade.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Genital chlamydial infection is a significant public health issue, linked to acute syndromes and severe reproductive/ocular complications.
  • Its prevalence is better understood with the widespread availability of diagnostic tests.
  • Emerging clinical manifestations of Chlamydia pneumoniae, beyond respiratory illness, including associations with atherosclerosis, warrant further study.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the public health impact of genital chlamydial infections.
  • To discuss the potential of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in controlling chlamydial infections.
  • To explore the expanding role of chlamydiae in human and animal diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical syndromes and complications associated with chlamydial infections.
  • Assessment of the impact of new diagnostic tests (molecular amplification) and antimicrobial therapies.
  • Discussion of ongoing research utilizing molecular techniques to understand chlamydial diversity and pathogenicity.

Main Results:

  • Effective single-dose oral antimicrobial therapy and sensitive molecular amplification tests are now available.
  • These advancements are anticipated to significantly reduce chlamydial disease prevalence within the next decade.
  • Chlamydia pneumoniae's role beyond respiratory illness, particularly in atherosclerosis, requires more investigation. Chlamydia pecorum is identified as a new species.

Conclusions:

  • Advancements in diagnostics and therapeutics offer a promising outlook for controlling chlamydial infections.
  • Molecular techniques are crucial for understanding the expanding role of chlamydiae in human and animal health.
  • Continued research will refine phylogenetic understanding and improve detection and control strategies for chlamydial infections.

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