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Developments in core analysis by NMR measurements

G C Borgia1, V Bortolotti, A Brancolini

  • 1University of Bologna, Department of ICMA, Italy.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging
|January 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Geometric-mean relaxation times (T1g) and stretched-exponential relaxation times (T1s) are key for estimating sandstone permeability (k) and irreducible water saturation (Swi). Porosity (phi) and formation factor (F) offer minor improvements.

Area of Science:

  • Geophysics
  • Petrophysics
  • Reservoir Engineering

Background:

  • Accurate estimation of reservoir rock properties like permeability (k) and irreducible water saturation (Swi) is crucial for hydrocarbon exploration and production.
  • Traditional methods for measuring k and Swi can be time-consuming and expensive.
  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) relaxation times offer a potential non-invasive method for property estimation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of NMR relaxation times (T1g and T1s) in estimating permeability (k) and irreducible water saturation (Swi) in consolidated sandstones.
  • To assess the additional benefit of incorporating porosity (phi) and electrical resistivity formation factor (F) into these estimation models.
  • To compare the developed estimation models with existing published methods.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Methods:

  • Measurements of permeability (k), irreducible water saturation (Swi), porosity (phi), formation factor (F), and NMR relaxation times (T1g, T1s) were conducted on a large suite of consolidated sandstone samples with low shale content.
  • Power-law estimation models were developed using T1g (or T1s) as the primary parameter, with and without the inclusion of phi or F.
  • Isovalue maps of the error factor (delta) were generated to visualize the performance of the estimators.

Main Results:

  • NMR relaxation times (T1g or T1s) were found to be the most decisive parameters for estimating k and Swi.
  • The inclusion of porosity (phi) or formation factor (F) provided appreciable, but not decisive, improvements to the estimation accuracy.
  • The developed permeability estimators demonstrated basic compatibility with published methods, with exponents close to 2.0 when phi or F were included.

Conclusions:

  • NMR relaxation times (T1g and T1s) are highly effective for estimating permeability and irreducible water saturation in low-shale sandstones.
  • Combining NMR relaxation times with porosity or formation factor can enhance estimation accuracy, though relaxation times remain the dominant factor.
  • The developed models offer a viable alternative to direct measurements for characterizing reservoir properties.