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Early morning urine osmolality in nonenuretic and enuretic children
A Kawauchi1, H Watanabe, K Miyoshi
1Department of Urology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Japan.
Insights
Early morning urine osmolality is similar in children with and without bedwetting. Nocturnal urine concentration may be immature in children under 4 years old, but this does not cause enuresis.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nephrology
- Urology
- Sleep Medicine
Background:
- Nocturnal enuresis is a common condition in children.
- Understanding urine concentration is crucial for enuresis research.
- Previous studies have yielded conflicting results on urine osmolality in enuretic children.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate early morning urine osmolality in a large cohort of children.
- To compare urine concentrating ability between enuretic and nonenuretic children.
- To explore the relationship between age and nocturnal urine concentration.
Main Methods:
- Population-based study.
- Measurement of early morning urine osmolality.
- Analysis of data from 1,453 nonenuretic and 144 enuretic children.
Main Results:
- Early morning urine osmolality was lower in nonenuretic children aged 3-4 years compared to those over 5 years.
- A similar age-related pattern was observed in enuretic children.
- No significant difference in urine osmolality was found between enuretic and nonenuretic children across all age groups.
Conclusions:
- Nocturnal urine concentration appears immature in nonenuretic children under 4 years.
- Increased nocturnal urine production is unlikely to be a primary cause of enuresis.
- Urine concentrating ability is comparable between enuretic and nonenuretic children.
Abstract:
Early morning urine osmolality in 1,453 nonenuretic children and 144 enuretic children was measured in a population study. Early morning urine osmolality was lower in nonenuretic children aged 3-4 years than in those aged over 5 years. A similar pattern was observed in enuretic children. No significant difference in early morning urine osmolality was observed between nonenuretic children and enuretic children at any age. These data suggest that nocturnal urine concentration may be immature in nonenuretic children under 4 years. We did not find any evidence for increased nocturnal urine production as a cause of enuresis.