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A systematic overview of adolescent suicide prevention programs

J Ploeg1, D Ciliska, M Dobbins

  • 1Department of Public Health Services, Teaching Health Unit, Hamilton, ON.

Canadian Journal of Public Health = Revue Canadienne De Sante Publique
|September 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Evidence on adolescent suicide prevention curricula is limited, with potential for both positive and negative effects. More research is needed on comprehensive school health programs for adolescent risk behavior.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Adolescent Psychology
  • Educational Interventions

Background:

  • Adolescent suicide remains a significant public health concern.
  • School-based programs are a common approach to suicide prevention.
  • Effectiveness of specific curricula requires rigorous evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the evidence on the effectiveness of adolescent suicide prevention curricula programs.
  • To identify potential benefits and harms associated with these programs.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted, including published and unpublished studies.
  • Eleven relevant studies were identified and analyzed for this systematic overview.

Main Results:

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  • Current evidence is insufficient to support the efficacy of curriculum-based suicide prevention programs.
  • While knowledge about suicide often improved, effects on attitudes were mixed, with some studies reporting harmful outcomes like increased hopelessness in males.
  • One study indicated negative impacts on coping mechanisms for adolescent males.

Conclusions:

  • Existing suicide prevention curricula lack sufficient evidence of effectiveness and may have unintended negative consequences.
  • Broader, comprehensive school health programs addressing adolescent risk behavior determinants warrant further evaluation.