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Recurrent aphthous stomatitis and thiamine deficiency

M Haisraeli-Shalish1, A Livneh, J Katz

  • 1Department of Orthodontics, Tel Aviv University, Israel.

Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontics
|December 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

This study investigated the link between thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency and recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Results indicate a significant association, suggesting vitamin B1 deficiency may contribute to this condition.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Nutritional Science
  • Oral Medicine

Background:

  • Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is a common oral condition with an unknown etiology.
  • Understanding the underlying causes of RAS is crucial for developing effective treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a potential association between thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency and recurrent aphthous stomatitis.
  • To determine if vitamin B1 levels are significantly lower in patients with RAS compared to a control group.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed thiamine pyrophosphate effect on transketolase activity in red blood cell lysates to measure vitamin B1 levels.
  • Compared vitamin B1 levels in 70 patients diagnosed with recurrent aphthous stomatitis against 50 healthy control subjects.

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Main Results:

  • A statistically significant difference was observed in vitamin B1 levels between the groups (p < 0.0001).
  • Low vitamin B1 levels were detected in 49 out of 70 RAS patients (69%), compared to only 2 out of 50 controls (4%).
  • The observed low vitamin B1 levels were independent of patient age, sex, or any underlying conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The study findings strongly suggest a significant association between thiamine deficiency and recurrent aphthous stomatitis.
  • Thiamine deficiency may be a contributing factor to the development or exacerbation of recurrent aphthous stomatitis.