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Human disease associated with Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin
R R Meer1, J G Songer, D L Park
1Department of Veterinary Science, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA.
Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
|January 1, 1997
Summary
Clostridium perfringens causes foodborne illness through heat-resistant spores and rapid growth. Its enterotoxin (CPE) may also trigger SIDS and cause diarrhea, especially in vulnerable populations.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Food Safety
- Public Health
Background:
- Clostridium perfringens is a frequent cause of foodborne illness.
- Its heat-resistant spores, rapid growth, and enterotoxin production (CPE) facilitate outbreaks.
- Time and temperature abuse in food preparation are primary causes of C. perfringens outbreaks.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the characteristics of Clostridium perfringens contributing to foodborne disease.
- To discuss the role of enterotoxin (CPE) in non-foodborne diarrhea and potential links to SIDS.
- To highlight the need for improved detection methods for C. perfringens and its toxins.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and synthesis of existing research on Clostridium perfringens.
- Analysis of epidemiological data related to C. perfringens outbreaks and CPE-induced diarrhea.
- Discussion of current and emerging diagnostic technologies for C. perfringens detection.
Main Results:
- Clostridium perfringens outbreaks are often linked to improper food handling.
- CPE-induced diarrhea occurs in the elderly and post-antibiotic use, with increasing incidence in immunocompromised individuals.
- CPE is hypothesized to play a role in Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) development.
Conclusions:
- Effective food safety practices are crucial to prevent C. perfringens foodborne illness.
- The incidence of CPE-related conditions may rise due to an aging and immunocompromised population.
- Advancements in immunoassays and molecular methods will improve the detection of C. perfringens and its toxins.