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Related Experiment Videos

Concentric and/or eccentric training-induced alterations in shoulder flexor and extensor strength

I G Amiridis1, G Cometti, B Morlon

  • 1Groupe Analyse du Mouvement, UFR STAPS BP 138, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France.

The Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Specific concentric training enhanced shoulder strength at high speeds, while eccentric training improved eccentric strength. Combined training showed no significant gains, supporting training specificity principles.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • The shoulder joint's susceptibility to injury necessitates targeted strength training.
  • Understanding the effects of concentric and eccentric training is crucial for optimizing shoulder strength and injury prevention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of specific concentric and eccentric training programs on shoulder muscular strength.
  • To evaluate the mode-specificity and velocity-specificity principles in shoulder training.

Main Methods:

  • Subjects underwent an initial 12-week period of combined concentric and eccentric training.
  • Following the initial phase, participants were divided into three groups for a further 12 weeks: concentric-only, eccentric-only, or combined concentric-eccentric training.

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  • Shoulder extensor and flexor strength, particularly at varying angular velocities, were assessed.

    • Main Results:

    • All groups showed significant strength improvements after the initial training period.
    • The concentric-only group demonstrated significant gains in both concentric and eccentric strength, especially at high angular velocities.
    • The eccentric-only group showed significant improvements solely in eccentric strength.
    • The combined training group did not exhibit significant strength differences.

    Conclusions:

    • Concentric-specific training can enhance both concentric and eccentric shoulder strength, supporting the mode-specificity principle.
    • Training adaptations are highly dependent on the type and velocity of exercise, strongly supporting the velocity-specificity principle.
    • Combined concentric and eccentric training may not yield specific strength adaptations compared to specialized programs.