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[Eosinophilic esophagitis: an underdiagnosed entity?]

F Borda1, F J Jiménez, J M Martínez Peñuela

  • 1Servicio de Digestivo, Hospital de Navarra, Pamplona.

Revista Espanola De Enfermedades Digestivas
|October 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Eosinophilic esophagitis, a rare condition, is increasingly diagnosed. A case study shows prednisone effectively treated esophageal stenosis in an 18-year-old male.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is an immune-mediated esophageal disease characterized by eosinophilic infiltration.
  • While historically considered rare, EoE incidence has tripled in recent years, necessitating increased awareness and diagnostic efforts.

Observation:

  • This report details an 18-year-old male with extensive esophageal stenosis caused by eosinophilic esophagitis.
  • The patient presented with dysphagia, a common symptom of EoE, particularly in young males.
  • Associated allergic conditions and peripheral eosinophilia were noted, consistent with typical EoE demographics.

Findings:

  • Radiographic and endoscopic findings for EoE can be nonspecific, often showing stenosis and rigidity.
  • Diagnosis relies on endoscopic biopsy confirming eosinophilic infiltration.

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  • The patient's clinical, radiologic, endoscopic, and manometric outcomes were satisfactory following prednisone therapy.

    • Implications:

    • Corticosteroids, like prednisone, and sodium chromoglycate are effective treatments for eosinophilic esophagitis, with a reported 90% therapeutic response rate.
    • Early diagnosis and management are crucial for preventing complications such as esophageal stenosis.
    • Disseminated eosinophilic esophago-gastro-intestinal disease is more common than isolated esophageal involvement, highlighting the systemic nature of the condition.