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Asthma and wheeze in schoolchildren

M R Taylor1, C V Holland, P O'Lorcain

  • 1Department of Paediatrics, National Children's Hospital, Dublin.

Irish Medical Journal
|January 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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Childhood asthma prevalence has surged by 170% in 9 years, with boys and wheezing symptoms being key indicators. Many children with wheezing symptoms are undiagnosed, highlighting potential underdiagnosis or communication issues regarding asthma.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Epidemiology
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Asthma prevalence in children has shown a significant increase over recent decades.
  • Understanding current trends in childhood asthma and associated symptoms like wheezing is crucial for public health.
  • Previous studies indicated varying prevalence rates, necessitating updated data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the current prevalence of asthma and wheezing in children aged 4-19 years.
  • To compare current asthma rates with historical data from 1983-4.
  • To investigate the relationship between reported wheezing, cough, and diagnosed asthma in children.

Main Methods:

  • A questionnaire survey was administered to 2813 children aged 4 to 19 years.
  • Data collected included self-reported asthma diagnosis, wheezing in the past 12 months, and cough.

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  • Prevalence rates were calculated and compared between genders and age groups, and against historical data.

    • Main Results:

    • Asthma prevalence rose to 11.9% from 4.4% in 1983-4, a 170% increase over 9 years.
    • Asthma prevalence was higher in boys (14.8%) than girls (8.35%).
    • 40.8% of children reporting wheeze did not have a reported asthma diagnosis, suggesting underdiagnosis. Cough variant asthma was identified in 10.7% of asthmatic children.

    Conclusions:

    • There has been a dramatic increase in childhood asthma prevalence, necessitating further investigation into contributing factors.
    • A significant proportion of children experiencing asthma symptoms, particularly wheezing and cough, remain undiagnosed or misdiagnosed.
    • Cough should be considered an important indicator for potential asthma in children, even in the absence of wheezing.