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[Artificial ventilation in children during anesthesia]

G Marraro1, G Serafini, A Galbiati

  • 1Servizio di Anestesia e Rianimazione, Ospedale Fatebenefratelli ed Oftalmio, Milano.

Minerva Anestesiologica
|April 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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This study reviews mechanical ventilation during anesthesia, detailing pressure and volume preset ventilators. It highlights optimal settings, modes, and safety considerations like oxygen toxicity and barotrauma for pediatric patients.

Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Pediatric Critical Care
  • Respiratory Physiology

Context:

  • Mechanical ventilation is crucial in anesthesia, especially for pediatric patients.
  • Understanding ventilator modes and settings is vital for optimizing gas exchange and patient outcomes.
  • Potential risks include oxygen toxicity and barotrauma, necessitating careful management.

Purpose:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of mechanical ventilation during anesthesia.
  • To analyze the advantages and disadvantages of pressure and volume preset ventilators.
  • To discuss optimal settings, modes, and safety parameters for pediatric mechanical ventilation.

Summary:

  • The review covers pressure and volume preset ventilators, their indications, and benefits for gas exchange.

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  • It details appropriate settings and ventilatory modes for various pediatric age groups.
  • Key considerations include oxygen concentration (avoiding toxicity >40%) and peak inspiratory pressure (avoiding barotrauma >30 cm H2O).

    • Impact:

    • Informs anesthesiologists and critical care providers on best practices for pediatric mechanical ventilation.
    • Aids in selecting appropriate endotracheal tubes and tidal volumes for pediatric patients.
    • Contributes to reducing complications associated with mechanical ventilation in children.