Clinical examinations of the ovaries and cervix of the sow

The clinical anatomy and changes in the cervix and ovaries were studied by dissection of five sows and by rectal palpation during oestrous cycles, pregnancy, lactation and in the period after weaning. On 52 occasions sows were examined before laparotomy or slaugher to determine the accuracy of clinical examination of the ovaries. Ovarian structures were correctly identified in 87 of the 104 ovaries examined. In four sows accidental or deliberate rupture of follicles during rectal examination resulted only in an apparent shortening of oestrous in one sow.