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Nutritional deficiency, immunologic function, and disease

R A Good, G Fernandes, E J Yunis

    The American Journal of Pathology
    |September 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Nutritional stress impacts immune responses. Chronic protein deprivation enhances cell-mediated immunity but can depress humoral immunity, affecting tumor immunity and autoimmune conditions in animal models.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Nutrition Science
    • Animal Models

    Background:

    • Nutritional stress, particularly protein and calorie deprivation, significantly alters immune responses.
    • Previous research indicates varied effects on cell-mediated and humoral immunity depending on the nutritional deficit and antigen exposure.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the long-term effects of chronic protein deprivation (CPD) on immune responses in mice, rats, and guinea pigs.
    • To examine the influence of dietary protein and calorie manipulation on autoimmune conditions and lifespan in specific mouse strains.

    Main Methods:

    • Conducted experiments over six years using mice, rats, and guinea pigs.
    • Manipulated dietary protein and calorie intake, including chronic moderate protein restriction and profound nutritional deficits.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Utilized immunofluorescent microscopy for histopathologic studies of renal lesions.

    • Main Results:

    • CPD enhanced cell-mediated immunity while often depressing humoral responses.
    • Profound nutritional deficits reduced both cellular and humoral immunity.
    • Dietary modifications impacted autoimmune conditions: low protein/high fat shortened lifespan in NZB mice, while high protein/low fat inhibited autoimmunity.
    • Calorie restriction significantly extended lifespan in (NZB X NZW)F1 mice and delayed autoimmune renal lesions.

    Conclusions:

    • Dietary protein and calorie intake profoundly influence immune function and autoimmune disease development.
    • Nutritional strategies can modulate immune responses, offering potential insights into managing autoimmune conditions and extending lifespan.