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Episodic adaptive evolution of primate lysozymes

W Messier1, C B Stewart

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, 12222, USA.

Nature
|January 9, 1997
PubMed
Summary

Researchers rigorously demonstrated adaptive protein evolution by identifying positive Darwinian selection in lysozymes. This study reveals specific adaptive and purifying selection episodes in mammalian protein evolution.

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Molecular evolution
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Demonstrating adaptive significance of amino acid differences in homologous proteins across species has been challenging.
  • Existing methods for detecting positive Darwinian selection in proteins include sequence convergence and neutral rate violation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To rigorously demonstrate adaptive significance of amino acid differences between homologous proteins.
  • To combine neutral rate violation tests with ancestral sequence reconstruction to identify positive selection events.
  • To investigate adaptive evolution in lysozymes of foregut-fermenting mammals and hominoids.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized tests of neutral rate violation.
  • Reconstructed ancestral protein sequences.
  • Analyzed lysozymes from cows and langur monkeys, and hominoid lysozymes.

Main Results:

  • Documented positive selection on the lineage leading to the common ancestor of foregut-fermenting colobine monkeys.
  • Detected a previously unrecognized adaptive episode on the lineage leading to modern hominoid lysozymes.
  • Observed subsequent episodes of negative selection following both adaptive events.

Conclusions:

  • The combined approach effectively detects adaptive and purifying selection episodes.
  • Specific lineages during protein evolution can be localized for these selection events.
  • Provides a robust method for studying molecular adaptation in proteins.

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