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Antihypertensive drugs and endothelial cell function

S Lehoux1, G E Plante

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.

Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes, and Essential Fatty Acids
|January 1, 1996
PubMed
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Certain antihypertensive drugs can reduce capillary permeability, offering potential vascular protection beyond blood pressure reduction. This study investigated the effects of various medications on capillary leakage in rats.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Arterial hypertension is linked to increased capillary permeability.
  • This increased permeability may contribute to vascular remodeling in hypertensive conditions.
  • Understanding drug effects on capillary permeability is crucial for managing hypertension-related vascular damage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of diverse antihypertensive drugs on capillary permeability.
  • To assess the potential of these drugs to offer additional vascular protective benefits.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Evan's blue dye (EB) assay in normal rats to quantify albumin extravasation.
  • Administered various diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, and calcium channel blockers acutely and sub-chronically (10-day gavage).

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Main Results:

  • Acute administration of some diuretics (furosemide, indapamide, hydrochlorothiazide) increased permeability, while others (amiloride, cicletanine) decreased it via the cyclooxygenase pathway.
  • Chronic administration (10-day gavage) of indapamide, amiloride, cicletanine, perindopril, nifedipine, and verapamil reduced capillary permeability.
  • Furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide, captopril, and clentiazem did not consistently reduce or even increased EB extravasation.

Conclusions:

  • Selected antihypertensive agents demonstrate the ability to reduce capillary permeability.
  • This reduction in permeability suggests a potential supplemental vascular protective effect of these drugs, independent of their blood pressure-lowering action.