A Singapore study of obsessive compulsive disorder

Area of Science:

• Psychiatry
• Clinical Psychology
• Neuroscience

Background:

• Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is a significant mental health condition.
• Understanding the demographics and clinical presentation of OCD patients is crucial for effective treatment.
• This study examines a cohort of OCD patients treated in a private psychiatric clinic.

Purpose of the Study:

• To characterize the demographic and clinical features of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) patients.
• To investigate the treatment outcomes and co-morbidities in OCD patients.
• To assess the severity and impact of OCD on affected individuals.

Main Methods:

• A retrospective study of 283 consecutive patients diagnosed with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD).
• Data collection included patient demographics, age of onset, clinical presentation (obsessions and compulsions), co-morbid diagnoses, and treatment outcomes.
• Follow-up data for patients treated for over one year was analyzed.

Main Results:

• The study population (94% Chinese) presented with a mean age of onset at 27 years, with 51% developing symptoms before age 25.
• Common obsessions included contamination and aggression, while cleaning and checking were frequent compulsions.
• Co-morbidities such as depression and anxiety were prevalent; 78% improved with treatment, but 22% showed no improvement or deterioration. 17% were severely incapacitated, and 1% committed suicide.

Conclusions:

• Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) affects a diverse population with varied presentations and co-morbidities.
• While a majority of OCD patients show improvement with treatment, a significant minority require further intervention.
• The study underscores the severe incapacitation and potential for suicide associated with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD).