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Root surface removal with diamond-coated ultrasonic instruments: an in vitro and SEM study
J E Lavespere1, R A Yukna, D A Rice
1Periodontics Department, Louisiana State University School of Dentistry, New Orleans, USA.
Journal of Periodontology
|December 1, 1996
Summary
Diamond-coated ultrasonic inserts significantly increase root surface removal and roughness during periodontal procedures. Caution is advised when using these instruments for root planing to minimize tooth substance loss.
Area of Science:
- Periodontology
- Biomaterials Science
- Dental Instrumentation
Background:
- Effective root preparation is crucial in periodontal therapy.
- Plaque, calculus, and contaminated root surfaces require thorough debridement.
- Ultrasonic instruments are commonly used for root planing.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate and compare root surface removal and texture.
- To assess the impact of different grit diamond-coated ultrasonic inserts.
- To compare regular (US), fine (FINDIAM), and medium (MEDDIAM) grit inserts.
Main Methods:
- Standardized in vitro experiment using 45 premolars.
- Computer-controlled instrumentation with a 500g force and 12mm excursion.
- Measurements of root substance removal after 10 and 20 strokes.
- Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) for surface texture analysis.
Main Results:
- FINDIAM and MEDDIAM inserts removed significantly more root substance than US inserts.
- Root substance removal increased with more strokes, especially for FINDIAM.
- SEM analysis showed progressively rougher root surfaces from US to FINDIAM to MEDDIAM.
Conclusions:
- Diamond-coated ultrasonic inserts cause substantial root substance removal and increased surface roughness.
- Grit size significantly influences the debridement outcome.
- Careful use of diamond-coated inserts is recommended in periodontal root planing.