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Predicting underage drinking and driving behaviors

J W Grube1, R B Voas

  • 1Prevention Research Center, Berkely, CA 94704, USA.

Addiction (Abingdon, England)
|December 1, 1996
PubMed
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Underage drinking and driving (DUI) and riding with drinking drivers (RWDD) are influenced by risk perceptions, peer disapproval, and perceived control. Beliefs and behaviors vary by demographics, increasing risk for certain young drivers.

Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Traffic Safety Research
  • Adolescent Behavior

Background:

  • Underage drinking and driving (DUI) and riding with drinking drivers (RWDD) remain significant public health concerns among adolescents.
  • Existing models often focus on individual factors, necessitating a comprehensive social-psychological approach.
  • Understanding the interplay of beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors is crucial for effective prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test a social-psychological model predicting underage drinking and driving (DUI) and riding with drinking drivers (RWDD).
  • To identify key psychosocial predictors and demographic influences on these risky behaviors.
  • To examine the mediating roles of expectancies and normative beliefs in the relationship between background factors and DUI/RWDD.

Main Methods:

Related Experiment Videos

  • A random digit dial telephone survey was conducted with 706 drivers aged 16-20 in seven western US states.
  • Structural equations modeling was employed to analyze the relationships between variables.
  • Data included expectancies (risk, enforcement), normative beliefs, control beliefs, drinking, risky driving, and demographic factors.

Main Results:

  • DUI and RWDD were primarily predicted by expectancies of physical risk, peer disapproval, perceived control, and alcohol consumption.
  • Enforcement expectancies influenced RWDD but not DUI. Night-time driving and age directly impacted both behaviors.
  • Demographic factors (male, European American, Latino, frequent drivers, less educated) were associated with more favorable beliefs, higher drinking, and increased risky driving.

Conclusions:

  • The social-psychological model effectively explains variance in underage DUI and RWDD.
  • Expectancies and normative beliefs mediate the link between background factors and risky driving behaviors.
  • Targeted interventions should address psychosocial factors and consider demographic risk profiles to reduce DUI and RWDD among young drivers.