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Mousepox outbreak in a laboratory mouse colony

E J Dick1, C L Kittell, H Meyer

  • 1Technical Services Department, Naval Medical Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.

Laboratory Animal Science
|December 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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Mousepox (ectromelia virus) caused an outbreak in a laboratory mouse colony, characterized by mild signs and low mortality. The virus was traced to contaminated commercial mouse serum, highlighting potential U.S. reservoirs.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Pathology
  • Virology
  • Laboratory Animal Science

Background:

  • An epizootic of mousepox occurred in a laboratory mouse colony.
  • The outbreak presented with varied clinical signs and mortality rates, affecting BALB/cByJ mice more severely.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the causative agent of the mousepox outbreak.
  • To characterize the clinical and pathological findings associated with the disease.
  • To determine the source and potential reservoir of the Ectromelia virus.

Main Methods:

  • Necropsy and histopathology were performed on affected mice.
  • Ectromelia virus was identified using electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry, animal inoculations, serologic testing, virus isolation, and polymerase chain reaction.

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  • The outbreak's origin was traced to contaminated commercial mouse serum.

    • Main Results:

    • Conjunctivitis and skin scabs were common clinical signs; splenic and hepatic necrosis were prominent histopathological findings.
    • Ectromelia virus was confirmed as the causative agent.
    • The outbreak originated from contaminated pooled mouse serum, raising concerns about potential U.S. reservoirs.

    Conclusions:

    • Mousepox can be eradicated from affected colonies.
    • Prompt identification and eradication are crucial for managing laboratory animal diseases.
    • The source of the Ectromelia virus remains a concern, emphasizing the need for vigilance regarding potential reservoirs.