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The piriformis syndrome

J R Parziale1, T H Hudgins, L M Fishman

  • 1Brown University, School of Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.

American Journal of Orthopedics (Belle Mead, N.J.)
|December 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Piriformis syndrome, a common cause of sciatica, involves sciatic nerve compression by the piriformis muscle. Proper diagnosis relies on medical history and physical exams to manage leg and buttock pain.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Neurology
  • Pain Medicine

Background:

  • Piriformis syndrome is frequently misdiagnosed, causing sciatica, leg, or buttock pain.
  • Sciatic nerve compression by the piriformis muscle leads to pain exacerbated by muscle contraction, palpation, or prolonged sitting.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathophysiology of piriformis syndrome.
  • To discuss the management strategies for piriformis syndrome.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing medical literature on piriformis syndrome.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria and clinical examination techniques.
  • Evaluation of current treatment protocols.

Main Results:

  • Piriformis syndrome often presents with symptoms mimicking other sciatica causes.
  • Accurate diagnosis requires a comprehensive medical history and physical examination.
  • Diagnostic tests can help differentiate piriformis syndrome from other lower extremity pain conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Piriformis syndrome is a significant cause of debilitating pain.
  • Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective management.
  • A combination of conservative and, in some cases, surgical interventions can alleviate symptoms.

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