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Related Concept Videos

Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder01:26

Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder

Liver and gallbladder diseases are a significant health concern, with prominent conditions including cirrhosis, hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and gallstones. Jaundice is a common manifestation of liver and biliary disease.
Cirrhosis is characterized by the scarring of hepatic lobules in the liver, which are replaced by fibrous tissue, affecting the liver's normal functioning. NAFLD, on the other hand, is caused by an excessive build-up of fat in the liver, not related to...
Hepatitis01:25

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Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver. The...
Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction01:28

Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction

Viral hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver caused by infection with hepatotropic viruses, most commonly hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Despite variations in structure and transmission, all viruses mentioned infect hepatocytes and provoke immune responses that can hinder liver function. Additionally, some non-hepatotropic viruses can also lead to hepatic inflammation.Hepatitis A VirusHepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted through the fecal–oral route, typically by ingestion of food...
Cirrhosis I: Introduction01:23

Cirrhosis I: Introduction

Cirrhosis is a chronic, irreversible liver disease characterized by the widespread replacement of healthy liver tissue with fibrotic scar tissue and the formation of regenerative nodules.Etiology of cirrhosisCirrhosis results from sustained liver injury that triggers progressive fibrosis and structural remodeling. The underlying causes are diverse, encompassing common and less frequent clinical conditions. Regardless of the origin, all causes lead to chronic inflammation, hepatocyte loss, and...
Cirrhosis II: Pathophysiology01:24

Cirrhosis II: Pathophysiology

Cirrhosis is a progressive chronic liver injury caused by prolonged inflammation, excessive fibrotic remodeling, and impaired regeneration. Over time, repeated hepatic insults disrupt the liver’s architecture and function, leading to reduced blood flow, impaired bile drainage, and diminished metabolic capacity.Pathophysiology of cirrhosisCirrhosis arises from three main responses to chronic liver damage: inflammation, immune activation, and hepatocyte death. These processes lead to structural...
Chronic Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology01:21

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Chronic pancreatitis is a progressive and irreversible inflammation of the pancreas, most often caused by long-term alcohol abuse, but it can also be related to ductal obstruction, smoking, or genetic factors.Chronic pancreatitis occurs when the pancreas is repeatedly exposed to harmful agents like alcohol, smoking, ductal obstruction, or genetic predisposition. These factors lead to the release of toxic metabolites and inflammatory cytokines, sustaining chronic inflammation in the pancreatic...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Incorporation of a Survivable Liver Biopsy Procedure in Mice to Assess Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) Resolution
04:14

Incorporation of a Survivable Liver Biopsy Procedure in Mice to Assess Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) Resolution

Published on: April 16, 2019

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

S G Sheth1, F D Gordon, S Chopra

  • 1Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Annals of Internal Medicine
|January 15, 1997
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a liver condition often seen in obese, diabetic individuals. Diagnosis requires liver biopsy, and while often benign, NASH can lead to cirrhosis; weight loss may improve outcomes.

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Incorporation of a Survivable Liver Biopsy Procedure in Mice to Assess Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) Resolution
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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a distinct clinical entity.
  • It is characterized by elevated liver enzymes and specific liver biopsy findings.
  • Patients typically present with obesity, diabetes, or hyperlipidemia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the clinical relevance of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).
  • To review the literature on NASH epidemiology, features, histology, pathogenesis, course, and management.

Main Methods:

  • MEDLINE search (1966-present) and bibliography review.
  • Inclusion of all studies and case reports on NASH features and clinical profile.
  • Data extraction from articles meeting selection criteria.

Main Results:

  • NASH mimics alcoholic hepatitis but occurs in non-drinkers.
  • Diagnosis relies on liver biopsy showing fatty changes, inflammation, or fibrosis.
  • While often indolent, NASH can progress to cirrhosis, portal hypertension, and hepatic failure.
  • Weight reduction may reverse NASH in some cases.

Conclusions:

  • NASH is a key differential diagnosis for elevated liver enzymes, especially with risk factors like obesity and diabetes.
  • Liver biopsy is essential for diagnosing unexplained abnormal liver function.
  • Prognosis is generally good, but further studies are needed on weight reduction and medical therapies.